Philippe Leroyer | Flickr (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

Women Human Rights Defenders

WHRDs are self-identified women and lesbian, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex (LBTQI) people and others who defend rights and are subject to gender-specific risks and threats due to their human rights work and/or as a direct consequence of their gender identity or sexual orientation.

WHRDs are subject to systematic violence and discrimination due to their identities and unyielding struggles for rights, equality and justice.

The WHRD Program collaborates with international and regional partners as well as the AWID membership to raise awareness about these risks and threats, advocate for feminist and holistic measures of protection and safety, and actively promote a culture of self-care and collective well being in our movements.

Risks and threats targeting WHRDs  

WHRDs are exposed to the same types of risks that all other defenders who defend human rights, communities, and the environment face. However, they are also exposed to gender-based violence and gender-specific risks because they challenge existing gender norms within their communities and societies.

By defending rights, WHRDs are at risk of:

  • Physical assault and death
  • Intimidation and harassment, including in online spaces
  • Judicial harassment and criminalization
  • Burnout

A collaborative, holistic approach to safety

We work collaboratively with international and regional networks and our membership

  • to raise awareness about human rights abuses and violations against WHRDs and the systemic violence and discrimination they experience
  • to strengthen protection mechanisms and ensure more effective and timely responses to WHRDs at risk

We work to promote a holistic approach to protection which includes:

  • emphasizing the importance of self-care and collective well being, and recognizing that what care and wellbeing mean may differ across cultures
  • documenting the violations targeting WHRDs using a feminist intersectional perspective;
  • promoting the social recognition and celebration of the work and resilience of WHRDs ; and
  • building civic spaces that are conducive to dismantling structural inequalities without restrictions or obstacles

Our Actions

We aim to contribute to a safer world for WHRDs, their families and communities. We believe that action for rights and justice should not put WHRDs at risk; it should be appreciated and celebrated.

  • Promoting collaboration and coordination among human rights and women’s rights organizations at the international level to  strengthen  responses concerning safety and wellbeing of WHRDs.

  • Supporting regional networks of WHRDs and their organizations, such as the Mesoamerican Initiative for WHRDs and the WHRD Middle East and North Africa  Coalition, in promoting and strengthening collective action for protection - emphasizing the establishment of solidarity and protection networks, the promotion of self-care, and advocacy and mobilization for the safety of WHRDs;

  • Increasing the visibility and recognition of  WHRDs and their struggles, as well as the risks that they encounter by documenting the attacks that they face, and researching, producing, and disseminating information on their struggles, strategies, and challenges:

  • Mobilizing urgent responses of international solidarity for WHRDs at risk through our international and regional networks, and our active membership.

Related Content

Type

Fadila M.

Category
Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
Region
Africa
North Africa
Date of death / disappearance
Cause of death / disappearance

Most likely killed

Fadila M. was a Soulaliyate tribal activist from Azrou, the Ifrane region of Morocco. She fought against a specific form of land discrimination directed against tribal women.

As part of the Soulaliyate Women’s Land-Use Rights Movement, she worked towards overhauling the framework legislation relating to the management of community property through the 2019 adoption of three projects of laws guaranteeing the equality of women and men.

According to the customary laws in force, women had no right to benefit from the land, especially those who were single, widowed or divorced. The rights to collective land in Morocco were transmitted traditionally between male members of a family of over 16 years of age. Since 2007, Fadila M. had been part of the women’s movement, the first grassroots nationwide mobilization for land rights. Some of the achievements included that in 2012 for the first time Soulaliyate women were able to register on the lists of beneficiaries and to benefit from compensation relating to land cession. The movement also managed to get the 1919 dahir (Moroccan King's decree) amended to guarantee women the right to equality.

Fadila M. died on 27 September 2018. The circumstances of her death are unclear. She was part of a protest march connected to the issue of collective land and while authorities reported her death as being accidental, and her having a cardiac arrest on the way to the hospital, the local section of the Moroccan Association of Human Rights (AMDH) pointed out that Fadila was suffocated by a member of the police force using a Moroccan flag. Her family requested investigation but the results of the autopsy were not known.

Find out more about the Soulaliyate Women’s Land-Use Rights Movement

Please note: As there was no photograph/image of Fadila M. available to us, the artwork (instead of a portrait) aims to represent what she fought and worked for; land and rights to live and have access to that land and what grows on it.

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Please refer to the Call for Activities for this information, including the section “What you need to know”.

Marianne Mesfin Asfaw

Biography

Marianne Mesfin Asfaw is a Pan-African feminist who is dedicated to social justice and building community. She has a BA in Gender Studies and International Relations from the University of British Columbia (UBC), and an MA in Gender Studies and Law from SOAS University of London. She has previously worked in academic administration and international student support, and has worked as a researcher and facilitator in feminist and non-profit spaces. She has also worked and volunteered at non-governmental organizations including Plan International in administrative roles. Prior to taking up her current role she worked in logistics and administrative support at AWID. She is from Ethiopia, was raised in Rwanda and is currently based in Tkaronto/Toronto, Canada. She enjoys reading, traveling and spending time with her family and friends. In the warmer months she can be found strolling around familiar neighborhoods in search of obscure cafés and bookstores to wander into.

Position
Coordinator, Building Feminist Economies
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Mariam Mekiwi | Snippet ES

Mariam Mekiwi Portrait

Mariam Mekiwi es una cineasta y fotógrafa de Alejandría. Vive y trabaja en Berlín.

Snippet - Rights and Resources - ES

Derechos y recursos: Nos preparamos para los próximos 30 años

✉️ Inscripción presencial cerrada. Regístrate para la transmisión en vivo aquí
Evento en inglés

📅 Miércoles 12 de marzo de 2025
🕒 De 12:00 a 01:30 pm, EST
🏢 PNUD, 304 E 45th St. Doha Room, 11th Floor (FF Building)

Organizan: PNUD, Femena, SRI y AWID

Rosa Candida Mayorga Muñoz

Category
Derechos económicos, sociales y culturales
Region
América Latina
Date of birth
Date of death / disappearance
Cause of death / disappearance

Natural

Rosa Cándida Mayorga Muñoz fue una trabajadora social guatemalteca, líder sindical y defensora de los derechos laborales. La llamaban cariñosamente «Rosita».

En la década de 1980, Rosa se convirtió en la primera mujer integrante del Comité Ejecutivo del Sindicato de Trabajadores del Instituto Nacional de Electrificación (STINDE), un sindicato al que se había incorporado originalmente para defender los derechos laborales de las mujeres. Para ella, esto significaba luchar por la igualdad de oportunidades en una empresa en la que muchas mujeres enfrentaban un sistema discriminatorio y violento creado por las autoridades de la compañía. Rosa también había sufrido acoso sexual en su lugar de trabajo, tanto por parte de sus compañeros de trabajo, como de los funcionarios. Sin embargo, no era alguien a quien se pudiera acallar.

Rosa continuó con su pelea y fue parte del esfuerzo por configurar la lucha en una forma más específica, la del «Pacto colectivo de condiciones de trabajo INDE -STINDE». Este pacto fue pionero: el primero en tipificar el concepto de acoso (sexual) en Guatemala. Sirve como referencia para la legislación guatemalteca en temas laborales, y es un estímulo para otros sindicatos.

«No tenía herramientas de lucha más que sus propios ideales... Muchas veces fue intimidada, hostigada para dejar por un lado la lucha, pero su valentía a enfrentar generaba la imagen de la esperanza para los sindicalistas de bases. Rosita se trazó una imagen de respeto, no solo dentro de su sindicato, sino ante las autoridades de la institución, ante el movimiento de mujeres; fue reconocida, como pionera, del movimiento de mujeres sindicalistas, en un espacio que había sido más desarrollado por hombres.» - Maritza Velasquez, ATRAHDOM

Rosa falleció el 4 de abril de 2018, a la edad de 77 años.

Umyra Ahmad

Biography

Umyra Ahmad es una feminista de Malasia con antecedentes en incidencia política internacional y regional y educación en derechos humanos. En AWID, trabaja en la incidencia de los derechos asociados con el género y la sexualidad en las Naciones Unidas. Antes de incorporarse, se desempeñaba como oficial de programa en International Women’s Rights Action Watch Asia y el Pacífico (IWRAW, Observatorio Internacional de los Derechos de las Mujeres), donde colaboró con organizaciones regionales, nacionales y de base en el uso de mecanismos de los órganos de tratados de las Naciones Unidas como herramientas para la rendición de cuentas de los Estados y el acceso a la justicia. En Malasia, trabaja con colectivos queer y de personas refugiadas y brinda apoyo en las tareas de coordinación de diferentes iniciativas de ayuda mutua.

Position
Responsable, Promoción de los Derechos Universales y la Justicia
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Disintegration | Title Snippet AR

تَفَسُ

مُقتَبَس من قصّة لإيستر لوبيز

تصوير: مريم مكيوي 
تصميم وعرض الملابس: النمرة

Snippet - CSW69 On autonomous resourcing - FR

Sur les alternatives de financement autonome

Mirna Teresa Suazo Martínez

Category
Droits économiques, sociaux et culturels
Region
Amérique latine
Date of death / disappearance
Cause of death / disappearance

Assassinat

Mirna Teresa Suazo Martínez faisait partie de la communauté garifuna (afro-descendante et autochtone) Masca et vivait sur la côte nord des Caraïbes du Honduras. Elle était leader de sa communauté et fervente défenseure du territoire autochtone, une terre qui a été violée le jour où l'Institut national agraire du Honduras a accordé des licences territoriales à des personnes extérieures à la communauté. 

Ce fait déplorable a été à l'origine de harcèlements, d'abus et de violences répétés contre Masca, où les intérêts économiques de différents groupes se sont heurtés à ceux des forces armées et des autorités honduriennes. Selon l'Organisation fraternelle noire du Honduras (OFRANEH), la stratégie de ces groupes consiste à expulser et exterminer la population autochtone. 

« Masca, la communauté garifuna située près de la vallée du Cuyamel, se trouve dans la zone d’influence de l’une des villes présumées modèles, une situation qui a déclenché des pressions territoriales le long de la côte garifuna. » - OFRANEH, 8 septembre 2019

Mirna Teresa, présidente du conseil d'administration de la communauté de Masca à Omoa, avait elle aussi fermement rejeté la construction de deux centrales hydroélectriques sur la rivière Masca, qui porte le même nom que sa communauté.

« La communauté garífuna attribue l'aggravation de la situation dans leur région à son opposition à l'exploitation touristique, à la monoculture de palmiers africains et au trafic de drogue, tandis qu'elle cherche parallèlement à construire une vie alternative au travers de la culture de la noix de coco et d'autres produits d'autoconsommation ». - Voces Feministas, 10 septembre 2019 

Mirna Teresa a été assassinée le 8 septembre 2019 dans son restaurant « Champa los Gemelos ». 

Elle est l'une des six femmes défenseures garifunas à avoir été assassinées rien qu'entre septembre et octobre 2019. Selon l'OFRANEH, les autorités n'ont pas mené d'enquête sur ces crimes.

« En ce qui concerne les communautés garífuna, une grande partie des homicides sont liés au régime foncier et à la gestion des terres. Cependant, les querelles entre les organisations criminelles ont abouti à des meurtres, à l’instar de ceux ayant eu lieu récemment à Santa Rosa de Aguán ». - OFRANEH, 8 septembre 2019

Joanne Kobuthi-Kuria

Biography

Joanne est une féministe africaine passionnée par le démantèlement des inégalités de genre sur le continent africain. Elle a travaillé avec un certain nombre d'organisations mondiales, de médias et de think tanks, dont entre autres Amnesty International, Wrthy, le Local Development Research Institute, la BBC et la East African Community (EAC). Elle siège au sein de plusieurs conseils d'administration, dont celui de Freely in Hope, une ONG basée au Kenya et en Zambie, qui souhaite outiller les survivant·e·s et les défenseur·e·s dans leur lutte contre les violences sexuelles, et celui de Msingi Trust, un mouvement d'activistes qui se réunissent à la croisée de la foi et des droits humains. Elle est titulaire d'un master en gestion d’affaires, d'un master en politiques publiques et d'une licence en droit. Elle est accro aux livres, avec un penchant pour la fiction.

Position
Cheffe d’Adhésion et d’Engagement des Membres
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Hospital | Content Snippet AR

مستشفى

ترجمة مارينا سمير

«الآن قد يكون وقتًا مناسبًا لإعادة التفكير في الشكل الذي يمكن للثورة أن تتّخذه. ربما لن تبدو كمسيرةٍ من الأجساد الغاضبة والقادرة في الشوارع. ربما ستبدو وكأنّ العالم واقفٌ في ثباتٍ لأن جميع الأجساد الموجودة فيه منهَكة – حيثُ أنّه يجب إعطاء الأولوية للرعاية قبل فوات الأوان». 
- جوانا هيدفا  

المستشفيات مؤسسات، ومواقع حيّة للرأسمالية، وما يحدث عندما يكون من المفترض أن يستريح شخصٌ ما ليس إلّا نموذجاً مصغّراً من النظام الأكبر. تَعمَد المؤسسات إلى فصلنا عن أنظمة رعايتنا – نَجِد أنفسنا معزولين في بُنى تراتبية راسخة، وغالبًا ما نشعر وكأنّ الرعاية هي شيء يُفعَل بنا بدلاً من أن تكون شيئًا يُعطى ويؤخَذ كجزء من محادثة. الرعاية المؤسسية معزولة بسبب اندماجها في الطلب الرأسمالي: شخص واحد يعالج رِجلك ورِجلك فقط، شخص آخر يعالج ضغط الدم وهكذا.

المستشفيات مؤسسات، ومواقع حيّة للرأسمالية، وما يحدث عندما يكون من المفترض أن يستريح شخصٌ ما ليس إلّا نموذجاً مصغّراً من النظام الأكبر. تَعمَد المؤسسات إلى فصلنا عن أنظمة رعايتنا – نَجِد أنفسنا معزولين في بُنى تراتبية راسخة، وغالبًا ما نشعر وكأنّ الرعاية هي شيء يُفعَل بنا بدلاً من أن تكون شيئًا يُعطى ويؤخَذ كجزء من محادثة. الرعاية المؤسسية معزولة بسبب اندماجها في الطلب الرأسمالي: شخص واحد يعالج رِجلك ورِجلك فقط، شخص آخر يعالج ضغط الدم وهكذا. 

اضطرّت المصوّرة مريم مكيوي لإجراء عملية جراحية الشهر الماضي، ووثّقت هذا المسار. صورها للبيئات المعقّمة بألوانها الباهتة – أضواء نيون بيضاء وصفوف تلو صفوف من التكوينات المتكرّرة – تعكس مكانًا استُنزفت منه الحياة والحركة. كانت هذه إحدى الطرق التي حافظت بها مريم على بقاء روحها. لقد كان أحد أشكال الاحتجاج من داخل حدود مؤسسةٍ كان عليها التعامل معها.

تُشكّل الصور وصفًا لشيءٍ واهنٍ بشدّة، فمشاهدة شخصٍ ما وهو يعايش انهيار جسده هو دائمًا تذكير جليل بهشاشتنا. إنه أيضًا تذكير بهشاشة أنظمة الرعاية هذه، والتي قد تُمنَع عنّا لأسباب متعدّدة – بدايةً من عدم امتلاك الأموال وصولًا إلى عدم التواجد في جسدٍ يُعتبَر ذا قيمة كافية، فربما يكون أنثويًا أكثر مما ينبغي أو كويريًا أكثر مما ينبغي أو ملوَّنًا أكثر مما ينبغي.

الرعاية الانفرادية والمجرّدة من جوهرها والتي قد تُسلَب منّا في أي لحظة لا تساعدنا على الازدهار. وهي مختلفة تمامًا عن الطريقة التي يسلكها البشر عند رعاية بعضهم البعض. كم سيبدو عالمنا مختلفًا إذا التزمنا بتفكيك الهياكل الرأسمالية الحالية حول صحّتنا؟ كيف سيبدو إذا أعَدنا تخيُّلَه بشكل جذريّ؟

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Stacey Park Milbern

Category
Civil & Political Rights
Region
North America
Date of birth
Date of death / disappearance
Cause of death / disappearance

Natural

“I do not know a lot about spirituality or what happens when we die, but my crip queer Korean life makes me believe that our earthly bodyminds is but a fraction, and not considering our ancestors is electing only to see a glimpse of who we are.” - Stacey Park Milbern

Stacey Park Milbern was a self-identifying queer disabled woman of colour and a trailblazer. A long-standing and respected organizer and leader in the disability rights and justice movement, she also advocated for the rights of many different communities, not just her own. Stacey’s activism had mighty roots in her experience at the intersections of gender, disability, sexuality and race.

Stacey, along with some friends, co-created the Disability Justice Culture Club, a group working to support various and especially vulnerable communities, including helping homeless people gain access to resources during the COVID-19 pandemic. 

She was also a co-producer of an impact campaign for Netflix’s documentary “Crip Camp”, a board member of the WITH Foundation, and led organizations at local, state and national levels. Stacey wrote beautifully and powerfully:

“My ancestors are people torn apart from loves by war and displacement. It’s because of them I know the power of building home with whatever you have, wherever you are, whoever you are with. My ancestors are queers who lived in the American South. It’s because of them I understand the importance of relationships, place and living life big, even if it is dangerous. All of my ancestors know longing. Longing is often our connecting place...” - Stacey Park Milbern

She was born in Seoul, Korea and grew up in North Carolina, later  continuing her journey in the San Francisco Bay Area. Stacey passed away of complications from surgery on her 33rd birthday on 19 May 2020. 

Read an essay by Stacey Park Milbern
Listen to an interview with Stacey Park Milbern
#StaceyTaughtUs: Record your story for the Disability Visibility Project

Tributes:

“She was, a lot of people would say, a leader. She kind of encompassed all of it. You know, sometimes there's like a lead from the front, lead from the middle, lead from the back. And she was just somehow able to do all of that.” - Andraéa LaVant, disability rights activist

“What a blow to lose Stacey when our communities need her leadership more than ever, and at a time when her strength, insight, and grit were receiving increased recognition outside of disability circles, giving her a greater platform to advance her life’s work...We will not have the gift of learning where her charismatic leadership would have taken us. But let there be no doubt: What Stacey gave us, in a relatively short time, will continue benefiting others for years to come.” - Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund (DREDF)

Veena Singh

Biography

Veena Singh is a Fiji Islander, feminist, and woman of colour. Born and raised in a small rural town in Fiji, she draws strength from her rich mixed heritage (her mother is an Indigenous Fijian woman and her father is Fijian of Indian descent). Veena’s identity and lived experiences deeply inform her commitment to justice, equity, and inclusion.  With over two decades of experience in human rights, gender equality, community development, and social inclusion, Veena is a passionate advocate for shifting power to create transformative change and for building an “economy of kindness”. Her work spans diverse areas including community development; women, peace and security; social policy; human rights; and policy advocacy.

Veena is deeply committed to advancing inclusion, peace and justice, sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), climate justice, transitional justice, and human rights. She brings a wealth of experience working across grassroots networks, international organizations, and government institutions, always centering community and locally led approaches and feminist principles.

Outside of her ‘office life’, Veena is an environmental advocate, mental health champion, and writer. She is a mum to 11 cats, a saree wearer, and a lover of snail-mails and postcards. A thoughtful observer of feminist movements in Fiji and the Pacific, Veena is on a personal journey to “decolonise the mind and the self through radical self-reflection.” Above all, she is driven by a desire and dream to produce relatable, resonant writing that connects with the Pacific diaspora and amplifies voices from the margins.

Position
Co-President
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CREDITS | Content Snippet AR

شكر وتقدير

ترجمة عربية
لينا يحيى
مارينا سمير
مايا زبداوي
نضال مجيد
رانيا الغزال
رولا علاء الدين
فيفيان عقيقي

النسخة الإسبانية
ترجمة
ڤيرونيكا تورّيسيّس
غابرييلا أدلستين
ماريا لويزا بيرالتا
أليخاندرا سردا
غابي دي سيكو

تدقيق لغوي
أليخاندرا سردا
غابي دي سيكو
ماريا يوجينيا مارتي

النسخة الفرنسية
ترجمة
كميّ دوفور
مورغان بوديك

تدقيق لغوي
ناتالي تيريو

من البرتغالية إلى الإنجليزية
ترجمة
لويز مارتيلو

تدقيق لغوي
شاينا غريف

فريق التحرير
المحررات
تشينيلو أونوالو
غوى صايغ (كحل)

 

تصميم ورسم
صوفيا أندرياتزا

 

مسؤولة استراتيجيات التواصل
زهور محمود (كحل)

 

محرّرة النسخة العربية
صباح أيوب (كحل)

 

مديرة الترجمة
مايا زبداوي (كحل)


 

فريق AWID
نانا داركوا سيكياما
لولا سيلڤا
كامي أبرهميان
تانيا لالمون
ماريا أوليڤو
مريان أسفاو
آنا أبليندا