Guatemala - Rural Women Diversify Incomes and Build Resilience
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Priority Areas
Supporting feminist, women’s rights and gender justice movements to thrive, to be a driving force in challenging systems of oppression, and to co-create feminist realities.
Building Feminist Economies is about creating a world with clean air to breath and water to drink, with meaningful labour and care for ourselves and our communities, where we can all enjoy our economic, sexual and political autonomy.
In the world we live in today, the economy continues to rely on women’s unpaid and undervalued care work for the profit of others. The pursuit of “growth” only expands extractivism - a model of development based on massive extraction and exploitation of natural resources that keeps destroying people and planet while concentrating wealth in the hands of global elites. Meanwhile, access to healthcare, education, a decent wage and social security is becoming a privilege to few. This economic model sits upon white supremacy, colonialism and patriarchy.
Adopting solely a “women’s economic empowerment approach” is merely to integrate women deeper into this system. It may be a temporary means of survival. We need to plant the seeds to make another world possible while we tear down the walls of the existing one.
We believe in the ability of feminist movements to work for change with broad alliances across social movements. By amplifying feminist proposals and visions, we aim to build new paradigms of just economies.
Our approach must be interconnected and intersectional, because sexual and bodily autonomy will not be possible until each and every one of us enjoys economic rights and independence. We aim to work with those who resist and counter the global rise of the conservative right and religious fundamentalisms as no just economy is possible until we shake the foundations of the current system.
Our Actions
Our work challenges the system from within and exposes its fundamental injustices:
Advance feminist agendas: We counter corporate power and impunity for human rights abuses by working with allies to ensure that we put forward feminist, women’s rights and gender justice perspectives in policy spaces. For example, learn more about our work on the future international legally binding instrument on “transnational corporations and other business enterprises with respect to human rights” at the United Nations Human Rights Council.
Mobilize solidarity actions: We work to strengthen the links between feminist and tax justice movements, including reclaiming the public resources lost through illicit financial flows (IFFs) to ensure social and gender justice.
Build knowledge: We provide women human rights defenders (WHRDs) with strategic information vital to challenge corporate power and extractivism. We will contribute to build the knowledge about local and global financing and investment mechanisms fuelling extractivism.
Create and amplify alternatives: We engage and mobilize our members and movements in visioning feminist economies and sharing feminist knowledges, practices and agendas for economic justice.
“The corporate revolution will collapse if we refuse to buy what they are selling – their ideas, their version of history, their wars, their weapons, their notion of inevitability. Another world is not only possible, she is on her way. On a quiet day, I can hear her breathing”.
Arundhati Roy, War Talk
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Feminist Embodiments of Hope and Power
A Film Series on Feminist Realities from the SWANA region
by Esra Ozban
In a product-obsessed world, prioritizing process is a fundamental feminist method. Processes matter, and curation is no exception. While figuring out which of the films from the SWANA region would speak the loudest to the Feminist Realities theme, the global pandemic we are still facing shifted our everyday lives tremendously. Even to think, write, or express myself has become an everyday struggle. I kept missing all of my deadlines and sending apology emails to Kamee Abrahamian, whom I was working with as an independent curator for AWID’s Feminist Film Club. Kamee’s invaluable support, understanding, and suggestions reminded me that even in two different parts of the world, as colleagues who never met in person, we can co-create micro versions of the Feminist Realities for which we live and yearn.
Feminist Realities for me have a lot to do with sisterhoods. Sisterhoods that help womxn clearing mines in Artsakh/Nagorno-Karabakh. Sisterhoods baked in Vegan Inclusive Trans Cake by young trans feminists in Ankara that remind cis-ters that they are not welcomed by the Z generation. Sisterhoods that are growing into the mint on Dragica Alafandi’s rooftop in the Dheisheh Refugee Camp in Occupied Palestine in Sowing seeds of resistance. Sisterhoods that embrace intimate, sexual, and revolutionary proximities in Gezi Park in #resistayol. Sisterhoods that unearth an imagined encounter between two generations of womxn in exile in the streets of Haifa in Your father was born 100 years old and so was the Nakba. Cross-species sisterhoods that build in a fictional (brave) space created by Mounia Akl in Submarine for her rebel character Hala, who refuses to evacuate from a city full of garbage and is left behind with a dog friend.
This selection gathers bits and pieces of many Feminist Realities that have been realized in the SWANA region over the last couple of years. We will continue to imagine, learn, and share feminist embodiments of hope and power. In the meantime, let’s immerse ourselves in the powerful alternatives brought to life by the filmmakers and protagonists of these films. We may co-create every step, every act, and every attempt as we continue to cohabitate this world with others who are living Feminist Realities and continue to dream more of them into existence.
MOTHERLAND
By Emily Mkrtichian& Jesse Soursourian
“With beautiful visuals paired with compelling verité scenes, Motherland is a show of female camaraderie and strength… The film is a testament of women around the world who are willing to work harder to overcome any obstacle they meet.”
- Nosarieme Garrick, award winning filmmaker
“Motherland is an inspiring visualization of solidarity, courage, and grit…”
- Hers is Ours Collective, organizers of the Outsider Moving Art & Film Festival
Emily Mkrtichian on Feminist Realities and Artsakh/NKR: We shot the short film, Motherland, in the Republic of Artsakh in 2018. I was drawn to each of these women for their strength, their resilience and their humor -- despite the context in which they lived. In 2018, that context was the aftermath of a brutal war in the 1990’s, after which their country remained an unrecognized (or, in the international community, disputed) territory that was not given the autonomy and independence so many other countries enjoy. Artsakh was also deeply affected by the consequences we see in almost all places that go through violent conflict -- consequences that so often fall on women to bear: PTSD, high rates of alcoholism, high rates of domestic abuse, less equality and freedoms granted to women, little to no representation of women in politics and civil service. In the face of all these challenges, this film tries to capture the fire and power of the women of Artsakh, one that might not fit the traditional Western feminist paradigm, but one they have created for themselves through deep community ties, care for their families, hard work, and the ability to laugh with eachother through it all. Today, the Republic of Artsakh has been newly devastated by another war that left it without 70% of the lands these women grew up understanding were theirs. Yet, I can promise you that these women, and thousands of others, continue to pull their families, communities, and culture together through the same networks of care, commitment to hard work, and deep riotous laughter in the face of an uncertain future.
SOWING SEEDS OF RESISTANCE
By Baladi-Rooted Resistance
“A timely film to watch after having born witness to the latest bombardment of Gaza by Israeli Defence Forces. A glimpse into the way that women in Palestinian communities survive structural oppression, through the story of a library of traditional seeds.. and the women that sustain them as a form of nourishing rebellion.”
- Jessica Horn, PanAfrican feminst strategist, writer and co-creator of the temple of her skin
“Watching women coming together and working collectively for food autonomy is both therapeutic and empowering for me.”
- Hers is Ours Collective, organizers of the Outsider Moving Art & Film Festival
Baladi-Rooted Resistance Team on Feminist Realities: How to talk about Feminist Realities when you live in Deheisheh, a Palestinian refugee camp, built 70 years ago to serve 3000 refugees, but now home to 15000 people, in the occupied West Bank? Or when the land you farm is under constant threat by illegal settlers.
If you’re a woman in occupied Palestine you will have to struggle not only against patriarchy but also against colonialism and a brutal military occupation.
Dragiča and Vivien are fighting these multiple systems of domination in their own way.
Vivien uses native seeds to help Palestinians maintain their identity. Growing traditional food in traditional ways has great significance: “If you’re not a producer anymore, you’re a consumer, and what better way to enslave someone than turning them into your consumer. This is happening all around the world, but here you have it doubled with the military occupation.”
31.5% of households in the West Bank are food insecure. Through a rooftop edible garden, Dragiča managed to increase her family’s food autonomy. In the crowded camp, where the Israeli army conducts regular nighttime incursions to arrest and harass residents, Dragiča’s rooftop garden not only nourishes her family, but it especially nourishes her soul.
#RESISTAYOL
By Ruzgar Buski
Ruzgar Buski on Feminist Realities: I don’t know what to say about Feminist Realities but as a trans artist, an activist from Turkey, I know our realities are harsh. We live with violences- physical, emotional, economical, sexual! That is why we have to build our own networks, and co-creating micro realities for each other is a Feminist Reality for me. #resistayol is my first film, and at the beginning I was planning to make a film by/for/with trans people that does not try to convince anyone to the fact that trans people are human or focuses on raising awareness on trans issues. However, Gezi Uprising, one of the biggest uprising in the history of Turkey, happened and the film became something different.
I believe the production process really affects what the film is. We tried very hard for women, trans and non-binary people to work on every step of the film. This film is made by people who gathered with camaraderie and friendship. Kanka Productions is founded on transfeminist comradeship. I want the film to give hope, to heal because we carry a lot of traumas in our bodies- this is what makes us and what bonds us. Healing is a never-ending process and we have to create spaces to breath. #resistayol is an hour of breathing collectively.
Boysan Yakar in #resistayol: Well lubunyas (queers) were sitting in the park, all of a sudden bulldozers arrived and everyone got pissed off. Actually in summary this is it. It's Lubunya's park,and we had thirty days to explain that to this huge city. Everyone acknowledged that at night ibnes (faggots) fuck in that park...LGBTI Block carried our commune there. We already didn't trust the state and police and didn't have any security, we've established our own ways of doing things, our own laws and customs to survive... We carried our law to Gezi rapidly...With an effort to establish some common language and understanding among all these groups, the LGBT language of togetherness spread all through the park. Every day was a Pride march, everyone was continuously saying ‘ayol’. We spruced up the stinky, fusty language of the left. I guess we had such an impact because we've been disowned for all these years. From the most radical ones to the most conservative and nationalist ones, they all needed us, because everyone got used to being confronted with everything. Τhey were not used to such energy, our energy. That’s why it was a great political space for us. Every day, we actualized our biggest and main struggle there, that is, a struggle for visibility and recognition. That’s why we left Gezi with a huge gain.
VEGAN INCLUSIVE TRANS CAKE
By Pembe Hayat
“...a multifaceted statement, showing the joy that exists in the friendships within the queer community in Turkey as a display of rebellion and resistance.”
- Nosarieme Garrick, award winning filmmaker
“...fun, light, and random. In a world constantly marked and scarred by violence against the trans community, nothing, no action, is (unfortunately) deprived of meaning. So to more joy, love, and meaningful randomness!”
Cayan Azadi in Vegan Inclusive Trans Cake: Hello Barbies, Kens, porcelain dolls, Olive Oyls, cabbage dolls. Brides of Chucky, sisters of Chucky, brother-in-laws of Chucky and last but not least, esteemed brother-in-law lovers.
So why did we make this cake.
Now we got the news that a trans woman sex worker has attempted suicide due to the violence from street-guards and police on the street. She’s being kept at a police station now and that’s exactly why we made this cake. This transvestite cake is baked to show that we exist in every part of life, that we exist persistently and this cake shows that won’t be wiped off or ignored in this society.
Yes, there is violence in our lives, yes there is a lot of shade as well but despite all of that, we can still have fun, enjoying life as much as we can. Bon appetit, sis!
YOUR FATHER WAS BORN 100 YEARS OLD AND SO WAS THE NAKBA ابوكي خلق عمره ١٠٠ سنة، زي النكبة
By Razan AlSalah
SUBMARINE
By Mounia Akl
“It is directed as a poem is written… simple, a touch abstract, and moving.”
Esra Ozban: Esra Ozban is a film programmer and filmmaker from Turkey. Their artistic, curatorial, and scholarly work intersects critical archival practices, sex work, pornography, feminist/queer film cultures among others.
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كيف ستعرضون وتعالجون المعطيات التي ستجمعونها في الاستطلاع؟
سيتم جمع المعطيات لأهداف إحصائية لتسليط الضوء على وضع التمويل للحركات النسوية العالمية وسيتم عرضها فقط بشكل إجمالي. لن تنشر AWID المعلومات عن اي منظمة محددة ولن تعرض أي من المعلومات التي ستمكّن من التعرّف على منظمة عن طريق موقعها أو صفاتها دون موافقة المنظمة.
A Joy to the World: Six Questions with Naike Ledan
Interviewed by Chinelo Onwualu
Naike Ledan is a social justice defendant, a committed feminist that brings forward 20 years of experience in human rights and health justice advocacy, women’s empowerment, the fight for universal access to basic services and social inclusion, as well as civil society capacity building. She has built extensive work in Canada, West and southern Africa, as well as in Haiti, in civil rights advocacy, capacity building for CSOs, while emphasising the social determinants of structural exclusion. She values the principles of shared leadership, anticolonial, anti-oppressive, and anti-patriarchal spaces.
Chinelo You’re billed as a trans rights activist; I’m curious about how you made that journey.
Naike So, I grew up in Haiti until I was 18, then I lived in Montreal for 19 years. Coming back to Haiti in 2016, I thought I would be coming back home, but the place had changed and I had to readjust. I did not necessarily reconnect in the way that I’d expected to with childhood family and friends. I came back as an expat with a comfortable work situation, and I felt very much like a foreigner for a very long time. And at the same time, I felt very much at home because of the language, the understood silence, the not having to explain when we start singing a commercial – you know, that thing we share, that energy, that space, that spirit.
My return to self-love – I would call “rebirth” – coinciding with giving birth to my first child, giving birth to myself, and falling in love with my queerness or same-gender lovingness. (Photo credit: Naike Ledan)
What helped me was, I loved the work of going into the country and documenting people’s knowledge. So I left the comfort. I became a country director of a regional organisation that was queer as fuck! Most of my work was to find resources and build the capacity of civil society. My strategy was to go into the countryside, look for all these little organizations, help build their capacity, and fund them. I was not interested in politicians and shaking hands and taking pictures . I had a very good ally, Charlot Jeudy – the [queer] activist that got killed three years ago in his house. We got very close after an Afro-queer film festival we were planning got banned in Haiti. But it made a lot of noise and sparked conversations about queerness everywhere, so Charlot introduced me to every little CSO in every little corner of the country. And I would just be there to help organisation[s] with registering legally or building their strategic plan. So it’s been a lot of these kinds of work that made me a queer activist and by extension, a trans activist. Although I don’t call myself that – an activist. It’s such a loaded word, you know? And it’s something people call you. I think I’m just a lover and a fighter .
Chinelo Tell me about the workshop you conducted with AWID for the festival. What was it about and what was the context?
My deep self awareness during my childhood years and my engagement in questioning inequalities and injustice at a very very young age (+/- 4 years old). (Photo credit: Naike Ledan)
Naike International media doesn’t really talk about Haiti, but with a political environment that is as bad as ours, the economic environment is even more catastrophic. Being a more middle class Haitian, speaking different languages, having different passports, I was initially hesitant to take the space. But I often see myself as a bridge more than someone that would talk about themself. That is how I came to invite Semi, who is a brilliant young trans woman from outside Port-au-Prince, to take the space to talk for herself and walk us through the ecosystem of the realities for trans women in Haiti. We ended up building a session about uninclusive feminism – or, I would say, formal feminist spaces – and how trans girls in Haiti do not have spaces where they can contribute to women’s knowledge and sharing of women’s realities. So the AWID festival was the opportunity for me to give the space to the women who should have it. We had a wonderful time; we had wine online while hosting the conversation. My co-facilitator, Semi, shared what it is like to be a trans child/girl/woman at different stages of her life. She also shared the dangers of the street, of poverty, of exclusion, of “not passing,” and her victories as well.
Chinelo What is the relationship of trans women to feminist organizations in Haiti? What has been your experience with that?
Naike It’s been really hard – heartbreaking, actually – the experience of trans women in Haiti. From not existing at all to just being extremely sexualized. The other thing that’s been happening is how they’re being killed, and how those killings have gone unreported in the media. This is how non-existent, how erased trans women are. They’re everywhere but not in job settings, not in feminist settings, not in organizational settings. Not even in LGBT organizations. It’s only recently, and because of a lot of advocacy push, that some of these organization are kind of readjusting, but in feminist spaces, this is still out of the question. We are still having to deal with the old exclusionary discourse of “They’re not women. Of course, if they can pass…” The culture of passing, it’s a risk management conversation – how much you pass and how much you don’t pass and what it means for your body and the violence it inflicts. In the trans-exclusionary realities we live in, which are reproduced in a lot of feminist spaces, those that pass completely may be considered girls, but only to a certain extent. But how about falling in love, how about having a conversation, how about being in the closet, how about wanting a certain aesthetic, or a career? So really, the conversation about hormone therapy becomes about risk reduction, as Semi herself shared at the workshop. But we don’t have the option of hormone therapy, we don’t have the medical framework nor the system to support those who would like to pursue that option.
Chinelo When you talk about the way that trans people and queer people are thought of in society, it sounds like it might be similar to Nigeria, which can be a deeply homophobic environment.
Naike Haiti is a very complex country in a very beautiful way. Nothing is simple, you know, nothing is ever one way. Haitians are very tolerant – and they’re also very homophobic. You’re going to find regions in the countryside where people aren’t that homophobic at all because all the Vodou temples there, and this is a religion that respects life. One basic principle of the Vodou religion is that all children are children. So, there is no right or wrong in the religion. For the longest time, people thought of Haiti as a haven, a place where people are tolerant – we’re talking 70s, 80s, pre-HIV, 90s even. Then you had the earthquake [in 2010] where around 300,000 people died. And then all this money came from the south of the US through the Evangelicals to rebuild the country and find Jesus. So, the homophobia in Haiti is very recent. In the depth, in the heart of the soul of the culture, I cannot really say that it is homophobic. But in the everyday life, it surely lands on the skin of queer people, that violence. And that of women, of poor women, of dark women as well, because colorism runs deep in the Caribbean.
Chinelo How have you managed this? What’s been your strategy for survival?
My return to Haiti as part of my decolonizing process, and choosing to physically position my senses and my family’s senses to magic and blackness uncompromisingly. (Photo credit: Naike Ledan)
Naike I’m really in love with my work. I love working. When I first arrived, I was working with this horrible NGO but I was doing amazing work. I was always in the countryside, conversing and learning from people, from women. And that filled my heart for so long because I’m very much in love with my culture, with black people, with black women – old black women, black babies. It just fills me up in a spiritual way. When we were in Canada my kids were in these all-white schools and tokenized. They did not speak Creole nor French. And now, they’re running free in the yard and starting to fight in Creole. I also found hubs of survival with the people I met. I created bonds with the queers and others who were weirdos like me and it’s been really wonderful. But now I’m struggling because I don’t feel safe in Haiti anymore. We have about 40 kidnappings per week in Port-Au-Prince – and it’s been like that since 2018. I’ve developed anxiety and panic attacks. So It’s time to go, and I’ve been asking myself, “where is home?” I spent 19 years in Montreal but I never felt at home there. When I left, I never missed it so I don’t want to go back. I’ve been crying a lot lately because it feels like entering a second exile.
Chinelo What’s your relationship to pleasure, leisure, and rest?
Naike My relationship with pleasure, leisure, and rest are for me one and the same. It is the lived moment when I indulge in the heat of the sun on my face for example. It is pleasure, leisure, and rest at the same time.
Pleasure: My go-to space, most solely a haven of celebration of myself. I reserve myself the power and the right to be loud or quiet in the enjoyment of the pleasure I experience. All the pleasure I viciously and abundantly indulge in, including and not limited to the pleasure of solitude and silence.
Leisure: biking, music festivals, eating, wine discoveries, dancing in Haitian traditional Vodou dances are amongst many that occur at the moment.
Rest: is what I live for. As an overachiever and a person that is literally in love with work, it is a paradox how lazy I am. No one knows that because all of what the world sees is this: an accomplished overworker. They do not know how I can just, uncompromisingly and profoundly indulge in idleness.
ExploreTransnational Embodiments
This journal edition in partnership with Kohl: a Journal for Body and Gender Research, will explore feminist solutions, proposals and realities for transforming our current world, our bodies and our sexualities.
نصدر النسخة هذه من المجلة بالشراكة مع «كحل: مجلة لأبحاث الجسد والجندر»، وسنستكشف عبرها الحلول والاقتراحات وأنواع الواقع النسوية لتغيير عالمنا الحالي وكذلك أجسادنا وجنسانياتنا.
On behalf of the AWID Board of Directors, I am proud to introduce AWID’s next Co-Executive Directors: Faye Macheke and Inna Michaeli!
Faye Macheke is a passionate Pan-African feminist, active in movements for women's rights, racial justice, migrant and labor rights, and environmental justice. Her activism builds on the legacy of the struggle against apartheid in South Africa and the aftermath of the apartheid era in Zimbabwe. In 2019, Faye joined AWID as the Director of Finance, Operations and Development. She brings extensive experience in feminist leadership, strategy, and all aspects of organisational development. Faye is a committed Board Member of UAF-Africa and other women's rights organizations. She is based in Cape Town, South Africa.
Inna Michaeli is a feminist lesbian queer activist and sociologist with many years of deep engagement in feminist and LGBTQI+ struggles, political education and organizing by and for migrant women, and Palestine liberation and solidarity. Inna joined AWID in 2016 and served in different roles, most recently as the Director of Programs. She brings extensive experience in research and knowledge building, policy advocacy and organizational development. Inna serves on the Board of the Jewish Voice for Peace - Germany. She is based in Berlin, Germany.
This decision is the result of a rigorous process with full participation of the Board and the staff of AWID. The Board recognised and honoured the skills and talents of AWID staff by opening an internal hiring search. As a result, we had two brilliant candidates, who embody the integrity, ethic of care, and feminist intersectional values that drive AWID’s work, apply together as a team. Faye and Inna brought forward a brave and exciting vision to meet the challenges of this moment: building a global feminist community, resisting and disrupting systems of oppression, and supporting feminist movements to thrive.
As AWID celebrates 40 years we are excited for Inna and Faye to co-lead AWID into our next strategy and a new phase of evolving, pushing boundaries, and supporting feminist movements worldwide.
Appointing and supporting AWID’s Co-Executive Directors to lead the organisation is a fiduciary responsibility we take seriously as a Board. How we engage those processes is also a reflection of AWID’s brilliant and diverse membership, which elects AWID’s Board.
As we say good-bye to Cindy and Hakima, we, the Board, unanimously and enthusiastically welcome Faye and Inna as our next Co-EDs as of September 5, 2022. Stay tuned for more updates about our leadership transition in the months ahead.
Most of all, thank you for your ongoing support!
In feminist solidarity and love, Margo Okazawa-Rey
President, AWID Board
Fornecer a membres da AWID, parceires do movimento e financiadores uma análise atualizada, robusta, baseada em fatos e orientada para a ação das realidades do financiamento de movimentos feministas e do estado atual do ecossistema do financiamento feminista.
2
Identificar e demonstrar oportunidades para transferir mais recursos de maior qualidade para a organização feminista, expor soluções falsas e interromper tendências que fazem com que o financiamento não seja bem-sucedido e/ou se mova contra a justiça de género e objetivos feministas interseccionais.
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Articular visões, propostas e objetivos feministas para a justiça no financiamento.
AWID is a part of an incredible ecosystem of feminist movements working to achieve gender justice and social justice worldwide. With our 40th anniversary, we are celebrating all that we’ve built over these last 40 years. As a global feminist movement support organization we know that working with fierce feminisms is our way forward, acknowledging both the multiplicity of feminisms and the value of fierce and unapologetic drive for justice. The state of the world and of feminist movements calls for brave conversations and action. We look forward to working together with our members, partners and funders in creating the worlds we believe in, celebrating the wins and speaking truth to power in service of feminist movements globally.
The 2023 Feminist Calendar is our gift to movements. It features the artwork of some of our amazing AWID members.
Over the past few years, a troubling new trend at the international human rights level is being observed, where discourses on ‘protecting the family’ are being employed to defend violations committed against family members, to bolster and justify impunity, and to restrict equal rights within and to family life.
The campaign to "Protect the Family" is driven by ultra-conservative efforts to impose "traditional" and patriarchal interpretations of the family, and to move rights out of the hands of family members and into the institution of ‘the family’.
“Protection of the Family” efforts stem from:
rising traditionalism,
rising cultural, social and religious conservatism and
sentiment hostile to women’s human rights, sexual rights, child rights and the rights of persons with non-normative gender identities and sexual orientations.
Since 2014, a group of states have been operating as a bloc in human rights spaces under the name “Group of Friends of the Family”, and resolutions on “Protection of the Family” have been successfully passed every year since 2014.
This agenda has spread beyond the Human Rights Council. We have seen regressive language on “the family” being introduced at the Commission on the Status of Women, and attempts made to introduce it in negotiations on the Sustainable Development Goals.
Our Approach
AWID works with partners and allies to jointly resist “Protection of the Family” and other regressive agendas, and to uphold the universality of human rights.
In response to the increased influence of regressive actors in human rights spaces, AWID joined allies to form the Observatory on the Universality of Rights (OURs). OURs is a collaborative project that monitors, analyzes, and shares information on anti-rights initiatives like “Protection of the Family”.
Rights at Risk, the first OURs report, charts a map of the actors making up the global anti-rights lobby, identifies their key discourses and strategies, and the effect they are having on our human rights.
The report outlines “Protection of the Family” as an agenda that has fostered collaboration across a broad range of regressive actors at the UN. It describes it as: “a strategic framework that houses “multiple patriarchal and anti-rights positions, where the framework, in turn, aims to justify and institutionalize these positions.”
“Now I know we are all simply children of the universe.”
Menke Meijer’s path was often rocky. “I had mountains of sticks put in my wheels, people trying to stop me, but it has only helped me push harder and further”, she says. Her story is one of strength, dedication, vision, patience, liberation, and one of breaking down multiple barriers.
“I would have to say I’m fighting two fronts: the first being the fight for gender equality and the second being the fight against a history of colonization and racism.”
Menke at the Great Wall of China
As a Métis woman from a “very poor background”, Menke faced numerous obstacles, seeing her biggest challenge as “simply being a woman, and in certain cases being an aboriginal woman”. She has been confronted with sexism and racism. The stigma and dangers rooted in racism have influenced her way in finding her position and identity as an aboriginal woman. “My family was quite reluctant to speak about our origins” but eventually through Menke’s efforts they “started to open up on the subject.” During her undergraduate and graduate studies, Menke took all the courses she could on the subject of First Peoples in Canada in order to learn more about her origins.
“I’ve been working hard on decolonizing myself and helping my family in reclaiming our identities.”
Part of this work were decisions Menke took, and the biggest and most important being her “decision to pursue education”. She was aware that this “meant a dangerous gamble with hefty student debt” but she also realized that, in comparison to her previous experience in minimum wage work, this was a much more rewarding journey for her.
“I picked to pursue my passions no matter the hardship. It has changed who I am positively, as well as my life.”
Menke obtained a Bachelor’s degree in History from Concordia University in Montreal, winning a merit-based Gordon Ritchie Award/Scholarship. Yet, while studying about slavery, war, and genocide she felt frustrated and in addition to books, she wanted to “take action”. Menke decided to pursue a Master’s degree in Peace and Conflict Studies at the University of Waterloo, focusing her Master’s work on gender in conflict and peacebuilding, gender in humanitarian aid, and especially on women in China.
“I’m the first woman to hold a Bachelor’s and a Master’s degree on both sides of my family. I’m breaking down gender and racial barriers. I’ve never felt so alive and accomplished. I feel liberated.”
In China, Menke completed a five-month internship with UN Women, for her “an extraordinary experience in extraordinary settings.” During this time, she was invited as a guest speaker at Tsinghua University in Beijing for the Lean In MBA event where, through her own story, she spoke about overcoming ‘roadblocks’ women face in seeking education. As part of her story she shared, “I was raised by a single mother in poverty and had to face many challenges to further my education”.
Much of Menke’s work towards overcoming multiple challenges and striving for change has been pushed by anger, coming from obstacles that were in her way. “Anger can be destructive, but it can also be creative. My challenges anger me, but they also push me to strive for better.”
Striving for better also means having many dreams “for all women, no matter they be white, black, Asian, or any colour, creed or walk of life”. Menke wants “the world to validate women” as “nothing is more moving than being told that you are just a human”.
A bit more about Menke
She had the opportunity to be part of a team that helped establish the Global Peace Centre Canada (GPCC) in Waterloo, initiated by the director of the Master’s of Peace and Conflict Studies program Ziauddin Yousafzai (and Malala Yousafzai’s father). The vision and goal of the GPCC are peace and education for all boys and girls.
Menke was born in British-Columbia, grew up in Quebec and is currently living in Ontario, Canada.
Read Menke’s short story
She wrote a short story entitled “Feeding Wolves”, based on her life as a Métis woman and aboriginal peoples’ experiences in Canada. About the story Menke said that “only three characters are female…I did this on purpose to not only expose a theme of patriarchy that is strongly present in settler society even to this day, but to show how the women are missing from the narrative...”
«Ahora sé que somos simplemente hijas e hijos del universo».
El camino de Menke Meijer a menudo fue escabroso. «Tenía muchísimos palos en la rueda, gente que intentaba detenerme, pero todo eso me sirvió para poner más empeño y llegar cada vez más lejos», afirma. La suya es una historia de fortaleza, dedicación, visión, paciencia, liberación y superación de múltiples obstáculos.
«Diría que doy batalla en dos frentes: el primero es la lucha por la igualdad de género y el segundo la lucha contra una historia de colonización y racismo».
Menke en la Gran Muralla China
Como mujer métis de un «entorno muy pobre», Menke enfrentó numerosos obstáculos; para ella, el principal desafío fue «tan solo ser mujer, y en ciertos casos ser mujer indígena». Debió hacer frente al sexismo y al racismo. El estigma y los peligros que se derivan del racismo incidieron en su forma de encontrar su lugar y su identidad como mujer originaria. «Mi familia era bastante renuente a hablar de nuestros orígenes», pero finalmente gracias al esfuerzo de Menke, «comenzó a abrirse al tema». Durante sus estudios de pregrado y de grado, Menke tomó todos los cursos que pudo sobre los Pueblos Originarios de Canadá para aprender más sobre sus raíces.
«He trabajado profundamente para descolonizarme y ayudar a mi familia a reivindicar nuestras identidades».
Parte de ese trabajo fueron las decisiones que tomó, y la más grande e importante fue la de «estudiar». Sabía que eso «constituía una apuesta peligrosa, porque implicaba asumir una deuda abultada», pero también se dio cuenta de que, en comparación con su experiencia anterior de trabajar por un salario mínimo, con el estudio se le abría un camino más promisorio.
«Escogí seguir mis pasiones sin importar las dificultades. Eso cambió para bien no solo la persona que soy, sino mi vida entera».
Menke obtuvo una licenciatura en Historia en la Universidad de Concordia (Montreal), con una Beca/Distinción por mérito Gordon Ritchie. Sin embargo, mientras estudiaba la esclavitud, las guerras y los genocidios se sintió frustrada y quiso «entrar en acción» más allá de los libros. Por eso, decidió hacer una maestría en Estudios sobre Paz y Resolución de Conflictos en la Universidad de Waterloo, enfocando su trabajo de tesis en género, conflictos y consolidación de la paz; género y ayuda humanitaria; y sobre todo en las mujeres de China.
«En las dos ramas de mi familia, soy la primera mujer en obtener una licenciatura y una maestría. Estoy rompiendo barreras de género y raciales. Nunca me había sentido tan viva y realizada. Me siento liberada».
En China, Menke realizó un pasantía de cinco meses de duración con ONU Mujeres, que en su opinión fue «una experiencia extraordinaria en lugares extraordinarios». Durante ese tiempo, fue convocada por la Universidad de Tsinghua en Beijing como oradora invitada para el evento Lean In MBA donde, a través de su propia historia, habló (disponible en inglés) de la superación de las barreras con las que tropiezan las mujeres cuando quieren estudiar. Contó que «Fui criada en la pobreza por una madre soltera y tuve que hacer frente a muchos desafíos para avanzar en mi educación».
La motivación de Menke para superar diversos desafíos y luchar por el cambio fue, en buena parte, la ira que le despertaron los obstáculos que se le presentaban en el camino. «La ira puede ser destructiva, pero también puede ser creativa. Los desafíos me enfadan, pero también me empujan a luchar por algo mejor».
Luchar por algo mejor significa también tener muchos sueños «para todas las mujeres, sin importar si son blancas, negras, asiáticas o de cualquier otro color, credo o condición social». Menke desea que «el mundo valide a las mujeres», pues «nada es más movilizador como que te digan que eres un ser humano como cualquier otro».
Algunos datos más sobre Menke
Tuvo oportunidad de formar parte del equipo que ayudó a crear el Global Peace Centre Canada [GPCC, Centro Mundial para la Paz de Canadá] en Waterloo, fundado por el director de la Maestría en Estudios sobre Paz y Resolución de Conflictos, Ziauddin Yousafzai (padre de Malala Yousafzai). La visión y el objetivo del GPCC son lograr la paz y la educación para todos los niños y las niñas.
Menke nació en la Columbia Británica, creció en Quebec y actualmente reside en Ontario, Canadá.
Lee un cuento escrito por Menke
Menke escribió un cuento titulado «Feeding Wolves», (disponible en inglés) basado en su vida como mujer métis y en las experiencias de los pueblos originarios en Canadá. Sobre el cuento, Menke expresó que «Solo tres de sus personajes son mujeres ... Eso lo hice a propósito no solo para poner en evidencia el tema del patriarcado que está muy presente en la sociedad de los colonos incluso hasta hoy, sino también para mostrar de qué manera las mujeres están ausentes de la narrativa...».
« Je sais maintenant que nous sommes toutes et tous simplement des enfants de l’univers. »
Le parcours de Menke Meijer a été semé d’embûches. « On m’a mis une quantité inimaginable de bâtons dans les roues, de nombreuses personnes ont tenté de m’arrêter. Mais ils ont seulement réussi à me faire déployer davantage d’énergie pour aller encore plus loin », déclare-t-elle. Son existence a été faite de force, de dévouement, de vision, de patience, de libération et, pour cela, elle a dû surmonter de multiples obstacles.
« Je dirais que je me bats sur deux fronts : le premier étant la lutte pour l’égalité de genre et le second, la lutte contre toute une histoire de colonisation et de racisme. »
Menke sur la Grande Muraille de Chine
Femme de la nation métis (lien en anglais) et « d’origine très pauvre », Menke a été confrontée à de nombreux obstacles, le défi le plus grand qu’elle ait eu à relever étant « le simple fait d’être une femme et, dans certains cas, d’être une femme aborigène ». Elle a souffert du sexisme et du racisme. La stigmatisation et les dangers qui prennent leur source dans le racisme ont pavé le chemin qui lui a permis de se positionner et de définir son identité de femme aborigène. « Les membres de ma famille étaient réticent-e-s à parler de nos origines » mais finalement, grâce aux efforts déployés par Menke, ils/elles ont « commencé à s’ouvrir sur ce sujet ». Pendant ses études universitaires de premier cycle et des cycles supérieurs, Menke a choisi de suivre tous les cours existants sur le thème des peuples des Premières Nations du Canada, dans le but d’en apprendre davantage sur ses origines.
« J’ai travaillé dur pour me décoloniser par moi-même et pour aider ma famille à se réapproprier son identité. »
Pour accomplir ce travail, Menke a notamment dû prendre des décisions, parmi lesquelles la plus grande et la plus importante a été « la décision de poursuivre (s)es études ». Elle était consciente du fait que ce choix « étaient un pari risqué, parce que les prêts étudiants créent un lourd endettement ». Mais elle savait aussi que, en comparaison avec les emplois au salaire minimum qu’elle avait occupés, le chemin qui s’ouvrait devant elle serait beaucoup plus gratifiant.
« J’ai fait le choix de vivre mes passions, quel qu’en soit le prix. Cela m’a changée dans le sens positif du terme, et cela a changé ma vie. »
Menke a obtenu une licence en histoire à l’Université Concordia de Montréal, et a remporté la bourse Gordon Ritchie, une récompense fondée sur le mérite. Mais, en étudiant l’esclavage, les guerres et les génocides, elle s’est sentie frustrée. En plus de se plonger dans les livres, elle voulait « agir ». Elle a donc décidé de préparer un master en études de la paix et des conflits à l’Université de Waterloo, son mémoire de master portant principalement sur les thèmes suivants : le genre dans les conflits et la consolidation de la paix, le genre dans l’aide humanitaire et, plus particulièrement, les femmes en Chine.
« Je suis la première femme des deux branches de ma famille à être titulaire d’une licence universitaire et d’un master. J’ai brisé les barrières du genre et de la race. Je ne me suis jamais sentie aussi vivante et aussi accomplie. Je me sens libérée. »
En Chine, Menke a effectué un stage de cinq mois au sein de l’ONU Femmes, « une expérience extraordinaire dans un environnement extraordinaire », déclare-t-elle. Pendant cette période, elle a été invitée par la Tsinghua University de Beijing à s’exprimer lors d’un événement Lean In destiné aux étudiant-e-s de MBA. Par le biais de sa propre histoire, elle a évoqué les moyens de forcer les « barrages » qui empêchent les femmes de poursuivre leurs études. Elle a notamment partagé sa propre histoire en ces mots : « j’ai été élevée dans la pauvreté par une mère célibataire. J’ai dû surmonter de nombreux obstacles pour parfaire ma formation. »
Dans son travail sur les moyens de surmonter des difficultés multiples et de tendre vers le changement, Menke a été motivée par la colère, celle qu’elle a ressentie face aux difficultés qu’elle a elle-même dû surmonter. « Le peur peut détruire, mais elle peut aussi être source de création. Les défis auxquels j’ai été confrontée m’ont mise en colère, mais ils m’ont aussi poussée à tendre vers le meilleur. »
C’est précisément parce qu’elle tend vers le meilleur que Menke a de nombreux rêves « pour toutes les femmes, qu’elles soient blanches, noires, asiatiques ou de n’importe quelle couleur, peu importent leurs convictions religieuses et leur chemin de vie. » Menke veut que « le monde reconnaisse les femmes », car « rien n’est plus touchant que de s’entendre dire qu’on est juste un être humain ».
Quelques éléments complémentaires au sujet de Menke
Elle a eu la possibilité de faire partie de l’équipe qui a contribué à la création du Global Peace Centre Canada (GPCC) de Waterloo, un projet mené à l’initiative du directeur du programme de master en études de la paix et des conflits, Ziauddin Yousafzai (le père de Malala Yousafzai). La vision et la finalité du GPCC sont la paix et l’éducation pour tous les garçons et toutes les filles.
Menke est née en Colombie-Britannique, a grandi à Québec et vit maintenant dans l’Ontario, au Canada.
Lisez la nouvelle écrite par Menke
Menke a écrit une nouvelle intitulée « Feeding Wolves » (Nourrir les loups). Elle est basée sur sa vie de femme de la nation métis et sur le vécu des peuples aborigènes du Canada. À ce sujet, Menke a déclaré : « seuls trois des personnages sont des femmes… il s’agit d’un parti pris volontaire car je voulais aller plus loin que de simplement traiter du patriarcat, un thème encore très présent dans la société coloniale. Je voulais montrer que les femmes sont absentes du récit. »
Often, marginalized populations and people living in poverty face numerousobstacles in accessing justice, including high legal costs, discrimination and a general lack of information. This has made accessing justice more of a commodity of the wealthy and influential than a right for all. In this regard, “we as a global society have not truly progressed beyond feudal times.” says the Global Alliance for Legal Aid (GALA).
To help change some of the existent inequalities in accessing justice, GALA, an association of jurists, provides freelegal aid and public interest advocacy to those who most need it, specifically in Global South countries.
“GALA: where no advocate is an island.”
Current Global Initiatives
It is often difficult for certain groups and individuals to find free legal assistance. This includes victims of a land grab, those suffering harm due to environmental pollution or other bodily harm by illegal government or corporate conduct, abused women seeking to file for divorce, or those who have been deceived by providers of unregulated financial services. For example, as a result of a pyramid scheme in Uganda, thousands of people have lost millions of dollars. GALA currently represents 3,000 victims of this scheme by working together with its local partner, the head of the business/law faculty at Makerere University in Kampala.
"GALA’s issue scope ranges from public interest advocacy for victims of financial fraudsters; to land grab defense and prevention; environmental protection; prison reform; women’s and widow’s rights, migrants’ rights and legal aid for the poor."
GALA told us that, in Uganda, as a consequence of fraud by fake micro-finance institutions “several of the victims committed suicide” and that “the criminals are living openly, enjoying the fruits of their theft and the state has not prosecuted them.” The reason being that they have “paid off judges and politicians but the poor cannot pay for justice”. In addition to working in Uganda, the association has a new partnership in Kuwait and ongoing initiatives in Grenada.
Envisioning Legal Aid Clinics
Beyond GALA’s current initiatives, the association is planning further outreach in India and Greece, the ‘birthplace of democracy.’ The association describes simply undemocratic and unconstitutional that the Greek courts “have been requiring that persons who want to enforce their rights file a bond based on the potential value of the case.” This is a clear obstacle to enforcing rights of the marginalized and poor parts of the society. So, one of the projects GALA is thinking about are legal aid clinics.
“What we have found thus far is that in places where GALA is working, there are not any legal aid clinics or pro bono lawyers.”
This of course takes not only much planning but also funding. GALA is now working on a feasibility study in Kampala and Grenada aiming to start supplying legal aid and establishing its own clinics. It’s hard to imagine but the association told us that in Grenada (population of 100,000) “there is no legal aid provided on the island whatsoever, [there are] only 12 criminal defense lawyers” and there no law faculty. In fact:
“The ‘local’ university is in reality a US medical school.”- GALA
Grenada human rights representative Milton Coy and GALA Executive Director Jami Solli
In such a difficult case and environment, as GALA described, the association will be starting from ground zero but is determined to offer legal aid and information “both to the accused who are incarcerated ‘on remand’ awaiting trial, and to crime victims”. The association is considering seeking support of law students from other countries but with the supervision by a local lawyer and the Grenada Human Rights Association, GALA’s affiliate.
Similarly in Uganda, GALA envisions 2016 as a year where they would start providing legal aid through law students supervised by a law professor or practitioner and through GALA’s local partner, the head of the business/law faculty at Makerere University. Stay tuned for this!
“A taste of Justice”
To support its mission, ongoing and planned initiatives, GALA sells fair trade products such as its current offer, coffee from Uganda through a partnership with Thanksgiving coffee. GALA plans to establish other fair trade product sales and distribution in order to sell a product from every country where it provides legal aid or supports a public interest case. Here you can visit GALA's coffee online store.
A menudo, las poblaciones marginadas y las personas que viven en la pobreza se enfrentan a muchos obstáculos para acceder a la justicia, como por ejemplo los costos elevados de los trámites legales, la discriminación y la falta de información en general. Por esto, el acceso a la justicia se ha convertido en una mercancía de las personas acaudaladas e influyentes más que en un derecho de toda la ciudadanía. En este sentido «como sociedad global no hemos avanzado verdaderamente después del feudalismo», afirma la Global Alliance for Legal Aid (GALA, la Alianza Mundial por la Asistencia Letrada).
Para cambiar algunas de las desigualdades imperantes en el acceso a la justicia, GALA — una asociación de juristas — presta asistencia jurídica gratuita y promueve los litigios de interés público para quienes más lo necesitan, en especial en los países del sur global.
«GALA: donde no hay activistas que sean islas».
Iniciativas mundiales en curso
En general, para determinados grupos e individuos resulta difícil encontrar asistencia letrada gratuita. Esto incluye a víctimas de la apropiación de tierras, de la contaminación ambiental o a quienes que padecen otros daños físicos producto de comportamientos ilegales gubernamentales o corporativos; a mujeres maltratadas que buscan presentar una demanda de divorcio; o a quienes han sido víctimas de estafa por prestadores de servicios financieros no regulados. Por ejemplo, como resultado de un esquema piramidal en Uganda, miles de personas han perdido millones de dólares. GALA actualmente representa a 3000 de las víctimas de ese esquema. Para ello trabaja con su contraparte local, la máxima autoridad de la Facultad de Comercio/Derecho de la Universidad de Makerere en Kampala.
«Las temáticas de las que se ocupa GALA cubren desde los litigios de interés público a favor de las víctimas de fraude financiero, hasta la prevención y la defensa contra la apropiación de tierras, la protección ambiental, la reforma penitenciaria, los derechos de las mujeres y las viudas, los derechos de las personas migrantes y la asistencia jurídica para personas pobres.»
GALA nos cuenta que en Uganda, como consecuencia del fraude cometido por falsas entidades de microfinanzas , «se suicidaron varias víctimas» y que «los delincuentes están viviendo en libertad, disfrutando de los frutos de su estafa y el Estado no los ha procesado». Esto se debe a que «han pagado a jueces y políticos, pero las personas pobres no pueden pagar para tener justicia». Además de trabajar en Uganda, GALA ha forjado una nueva alianza en Kuwait y tiene iniciativas en marcha en Granada.
Planes para establecer centros de asistencia letrada
Además de las iniciativas actuales de GALA, la asociación planea extenderse a la India y a Grecia, la ‘cuna de la democracia’. Para GALA, que los tribunales griegos «exijan a las personas que desean hacer cumplir sus derechos que paguen un arancel en función del valor potencial del caso que interpongan» es sencillamente «antidemocrático e inconstitucional». Se trata sin dudas de un obstáculo para que las franjas más marginadas y pobres de la sociedad puedan realizar sus derechos. Por eso, uno de los proyectos que GALA está pensando desarrollar en Grecia consiste en la creación de centros de asistencia letrada.
«Lo que hemos encontrado hasta ahora es que en aquellos lugares en los que GALA está trabajando no existen clínicas ni profesionales que brinden asistencia letrada (gratuita)».
Esto requiere desde luego no solo mucha planificación sino además financiamiento. GALA está trabajando ahora en un estudio de viabilidad en Kampala y otro en Granada para comenzar a prestar asistencia jurídica y establecer sus propios centros. Es difícil de imaginar pero GALA nos dijo que en Granada (con una población de 100 000 habitantes) «no se presta ningún tipo de asistencia jurídica: existen únicamente 12 penalistas que defienden a personas acusadas» y ninguna Facultad de Derecho.
«La única universidad ‘local’ es en realidad una escuela de medicina de los Estados Unidos». GAL
Representante de derechos humanos (en Granada) Milton Coy y Jami Solli, Directora Ejecutiva de GALA
Frente a situaciones y contextos tan difíciles como los que describió GALA, la asociación comenzará desde cero pero con la determinación de brindar asistencia e información letradas “«tanto a las personas acusadas y que se encuentran cumpliendo prisión preventiva es espera del juicio, como a las víctimas de delitos». La asociación está considerando buscar el apoyo de estudiantes de derecho de otros países quienes trabajarían bajo la supervisión de un abogado o abogada local y de la Grenada Human Rights Association [Asociación de Derechos Humanos de Granada], afiliada a GALA.
En Uganda, GALA prevé que en 2016 podría comenzar a brindar asistencia jurídica a través de estudiantes de derecho bajo la supervisión de un profesor o profesora o profesional en ejercicio y a través de la contraparte local de GALA, la máxima autoridad de la Facultad de Comercio/Derecho de la Universidad de Makerere. ¡Mantente en contacto para conocer las novedades!
«El sabor de la justicia»
Para apoyar su misión, las iniciativas en curso y las planificadas, GALA vende productos basados en el principio de comercio justo y en este momento está ofreciendo café de Uganda a través de una alianza con Thanksgiving Coffee. GALA tiene pensado vender y distribuir otros productos elaborados a partir de ese mismo principio provenientes de cada uno de los países donde brinda asistencia letrada o presta apoyo para litigios de interés público. Aquí puedes visitar la tienda de café en línea de GALA. (en inglés)
Ponte en contacto con GALA escribiendo a membership@awid.org o mediante una búsqueda en nuestro directorioen línea (con acceso permitido solo para afiliadas/os
Il est fréquent que les populations marginalisées et les personnes vivant dans la pauvreté doivent composer avec une série d’obstacles qui les empêchent d’avoir accès à la justice. Il suffit de citer les frais juridiques élevés, la discrimination et le manque généralisé d’information. Ces situations ont fait de l’accès à la justice l’apanage des gens riches et influents, plutôt qu’un droit pour tout un chacun. À cet égard, « en tant que société mondiale, nous n’avons pas réellement progressé au-delà de l’époque féodale », affirme l’Alliance mondiale pour l’aide juridique (Global Alliance for Legal Aid, GALA).
Afin de contribuer à modifier certaines des inégalités actuelles sur le plan de l’accès à la justice, GALA, une alliance de juristes, offre gratuitement des services d’aide juridique et de défense de l’intérêt public pour ceux qui en ont le plus besoin, particulièrement dans les pays de l’hémisphère sud.
« GALA : où aucun et aucune activiste n’est une île. »
Initiatives mondiales actuelles
Certains groupes et individus éprouvent souvent des difficultés à trouver de l’aide juridique gratuite. On peut notamment évoquer les victimes d’accaparement des terres; les personnes subissant des préjudices découlant de la pollution environnementale ou d’autres lésions corporelles en raison de la conduite gouvernementale illégale ou du comportement des grandes sociétés; les femmes dont on a abusé qui souhaitent divorcer; ou encore les personnes qui ont été leurrées par des fournisseurs de services financiers non réglementés. Par exemple, suivant la mise en place d’un système pyramidal en Ouganda, des milliers de personnes ont perdu des millions de dollars. GALA représente actuellement 3 000 victimes de ce système, en collaborant avec son partenaire local, la direction de la faculté de droit/d’administration de l’Université Makerere de Kampala.
« Les enjeux qui préoccupent GALA ont une vaste portée et ils touchent entre autres aux sphères suivantes : la défense de l’intérêt public pour les victimes de fraudeurs financiers; la défense et la prévention liées à l’accaparement des terres; la protection environnementale; la réforme carcérale; les droits des femmes et des veuves; les droits des migrants; et l’aide juridique destinée aux personnes vivant dans la pauvreté. »
GALA nous affirmait qu’en Ouganda, à la suite d’une fraude impliquant de fausses institutions de microfinance, « plusieurs victimes se sont suicidées » et que « les criminels vivent au vu et au su de tous, profitant des fruits de leurs délits, l’État n’ayant intenté aucune poursuite à leur endroit ». Il en est ainsi parce qu’ils « ont soudoyé les juges et les politiciens, alors que les personnes pauvres ne peuvent se permettre de payer pour obtenir justice ». En plus des efforts investis en Ouganda, l’alliance a établi un nouveau partenariat au Koweït et dirige des initiatives en cours à la Grenade.
Créer des cliniques d’aide juridique
Outre les initiatives qui occupent actuellement GALA, l’alliance planifie des percées en Inde et en Grèce, le ‘berceau de la démocratie’. L’alliance estime tout simplement non démocratique et inconstitutionnel le fait que les tribunaux grecs « exigent que les personnes voulant faire valoir leurs droits versent un cautionnement en fonction de l’éventuelle valeur de la cause ». Il s’agit d’un obstacle évident à l’application des droits au sein des tranches marginalisées et pauvres de la société. Ainsi, l’un des projets qu’envisage GALA porte sur la création de cliniques d’aide juridique.
« À ce jour, nous avons constaté que dans les endroits où GALA est à l’œuvre, il n’existe pas de cliniques d’aide juridique ni d’avocats et avocates pro bono. »
Évidemment, ce projet exige non seulement une solide planification, mais également du financement. GALA est à élaborer une étude de faisabilité à Kampala et à la Grenade afin de commencer à offrir de l’aide juridique et à établir ses propres cliniques. Il est difficile de se l’imaginer, mais l’alliance nous a indiqué qu’à la Grenade (population de 100 000 habitants), « il n’existe absolument aucun service d’aide juridique sur l’île, [il n’y a] que 12 avocat-e-s de la défense » et aucune faculté de droit. En fait :
« L’université ‘locale’ est en fait une faculté de médecine américaine. » - GALA
Représentant des droits humains (à la Grenade) Milton Coy et Jami Solli, Directrice exécutive de GALA
Dans le contexte et l’environnement si pénibles que décrit GALA, l’alliance devra bâtir à partir de zéro. Elle est néanmoins déterminée à offrir de l’aide et de l’information juridiques « à la fois aux personnes accusées, incarcérées ‘en détention provisoire’ et en attente de procès et aux victimes de crimes ». GALA examine la possibilité de solliciter le soutien d’étudiant-e-s en droit d’autres pays qui seraient supervisés par un avocat ou une avocate de la localité. Elle souhaite également l’appui de la Grenada Human Rights Association, affiliée à GALA.
Toujours en Ouganda, GALA prévoit de commencer à offrir de l’aide juridique en 2016, avec l’aide d’étudiant-e-s en droit supervisés par un professeur de droit ou un praticien du domaine. Le projet sera réalisé en collaboration avec son partenaire local, soit la direction de la faculté de droit/d’administration de l’Université Makerere. Restez attentifs à cette évolution!
« Un goût de justice »
Pour soutenir sa mission, ainsi que les initiatives en cours et celles qui sont planifiées, GALA vend des produits de commerce équitable, notamment du café provenant d’Ouganda, par l’entremise d’un partenariat avec ThanksgivingCoffee. L’alliance prévoit de vendre et distribuer d’autres produits de commerce équitable afin de proposer un produit de chaque pays où elle offre de l’aide juridique ou soutient une cause d’intérêt public. Vous pouvez visiter ici la boutique de café en ligne tenue par GALA.
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Obtenez plus de renseignements sur GALA en visitant son site Web et sa page Facebook.
